Yes, pension income counts. In the care means test, money you draw from a pension is treated as income and expected to go towards your fees. An undrawn pension pot is usually ignored while you leave it untouched, but once you start taking it, that income is assessed.
The short answer
- Pension income you draw is counted in the means test and expected to go towards fees.
- An undrawn defined-contribution pot is usually disregarded as capital while untouched.
- In a care home almost all income is taken; at home you keep a protected minimum income.
The short answer is yes: your pension does count towards care fees, but exactly how depends on whether you are drawing it and where your care is provided. The care means test, formally the financial assessment, looks at two things: your income and your capital. Pensions can fall into either, and getting the distinction right can change the bill significantly.
This matters because care is means-tested, not free. In England, if your assessable capital is above £23,250 you pay the full cost yourself; below £14,250 your capital is ignored and only income is counted; and between the two you contribute on a sliding scale (a “tariff income” of £1 a week for every £250 of capital). Understanding where your pension sits in that framework is central to the wider later-life care picture.
Income versus capital
The core rule is simple once you see it. Pension income you receive is assessed as income and expected to contribute to your fees. A pension pot you have not yet touched is treated differently, and usually more kindly.
How different pensions are treated in the England means test
| Pension type | How it is assessed |
|---|---|
| State Pension | Counted as income; goes towards fees (you keep a Personal Expenses Allowance) |
| Defined-benefit / final-salary pension | Counted as income once in payment |
| Annuity income | Counted as income |
| Drawdown income you take | Counted as income at the amount you draw |
| Undrawn defined-contribution pot | Usually disregarded as capital while untouched, but see below |
| Tax-free cash you have withdrawn | The withdrawn cash becomes assessable capital |
So an untouched pension pot is generally left out of the capital calculation while it stays invested. That is a meaningful difference from cash savings or ISAs, which count in full. But it is not a loophole: councils can consider what income you could reasonably choose to draw (this is sometimes called notional income) and the moment you take a tax-free lump sum or start drawdown, that money is assessed. Deliberately leaving a pot untouched purely to avoid charges, or spending it down quickly on non-essentials, can be treated as deliberate deprivation of assets and charged as though you still held it.
There is a practical wrinkle for people over State Pension age. Once you can access a pension, a council carrying out the financial assessment may look at the income you could draw from an undrawn defined-contribution pot, even if you have chosen not to. The exact treatment varies between councils and settings, which is one reason two people with identical savings can end up with different bills, and why it is worth checking your own council’s policy rather than assuming the national rule applies uniformly.
Care at home versus a care home
Where you receive care changes how much of your income is taken. In a care home, the assumption is that you no longer need to run a household, so nearly all your income, State Pension, private pensions and annuities, goes towards the fees, leaving only the Personal Expenses Allowance (£30.15 a week in 2026). For care in your own home, the council must leave you enough to live on, so it protects a larger “minimum income guarantee” and disregards certain disability benefits.
In a care home
- Almost all pension and other income goes towards fees
- You keep only the Personal Expenses Allowance (£30.15/week)
- Your former home may count as capital after 12 weeks (unless a partner still lives there)
Care in your own home
- You keep a protected minimum income guarantee
- The value of your home is always disregarded
- Certain disability benefits can be excluded from the calculation
The couple dimension matters too. The means test assesses you as an individual, so only your income and your share of jointly held assets count. A pension in your spouse’s name is not directly assessed against your fees, which is one reason retirement and pension planning between partners can affect care outcomes years later, a theme we explore in our guide to how much you need to retire. Where one partner enters a care home while the other remains at home, half of a jointly held private pension can also be disregarded, and the family home is protected while a spouse still lives there, protections that can materially change the sums.
Pensions and inheritance tax are changing
From April 2027, unused pension pots come into the scope of inheritance tax. Leaving a pot untouched to shelter it from care fees could expose it to IHT on death, so the two goals can pull against each other and need joined-up planning.
Because pensions can be counted as income or capital, and because drawing them affects both your care bill and your inheritance tax position, the right approach is rarely obvious. This is information, not personal advice, and your circumstances matter. A vetted, FCA-regulated adviser, matched free through Vetted Wealth, can model how drawing, or not drawing, your pension changes what you keep.
In summary
- Pension income you draw is counted in the means test and expected to go towards fees.
- An undrawn defined-contribution pot is usually disregarded as capital while untouched.
- In a care home almost all income is taken; at home you keep a protected minimum income.
- The test assesses you as an individual, so a spouse’s pension is not directly counted.
- From April 2027 unused pensions face inheritance tax, plan care and estate together.
Sources and further reading
- NHS Continuing Healthcare NHS
- Paying for your own care GOV.UK
- Paying for care Age UK
Read the full guide
For the complete picture, see our in-depth guide: The Care Means Test Explained.
Speak to a vetted care fee planning specialist
This is free information, not personal advice. When you’re ready, we’ll match you with an independently vetted, FCA-regulated specialist, free, and with no obligation.